{"type":"trials","record":{"id":34890,"source_id":"clinicaltrials-gov","external_id":"NCT07399938","title":"Frailty Assessment Reveals Cognitive Differences in ASA Classification: Anesthesiologists vs Large Language Models","brief_summary":"The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Classification System is widely used to assess perioperative risk, but it does not explicitly include frailty as a standardized variable. In daily clinical practice, anesthesiologists may implicitly incorporate frailty-related information into ASA classification based on individual clinical judgment, which may lead to variability between evaluators. In recent years, large language models (LLMs), a type of artificial intelligence, have been increasingly used in medical decision-support research. Unlike human clinicians, these models process information in a structured and explicit manner, without relying on intuition or implicit reasoning. The primary objective of this study is to compare ASA Physical Status classifications assigned by anesthesiologists and by two different large language models using standardized preoperative clinical data from adult patients undergoing elective surgery. A secondary objective is to evaluate how the addition of a frailty index influences ASA classification decisions made by human experts and artificial intelligence models. This prospective observational study aims to improve understanding of differences in clinical reasoning between anesthesiologists and artificial intelligence systems and to explore the role of frailty in perioperative risk assessment.","overall_status":"Completed","phases":[],"study_type":"OBSERVATIONAL","sponsor":"Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital","enrollment":200,"countries":["Turkey (Türkiye)"],"start_date":"2026-02-25","completion_date":"2026-04-01","last_update_date":"2026-04-23","source_url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07399938","editorial_summary":"A registered study indexed because it matched monitored longevity research terms. Registry status: Completed. Registration does not establish safety or effectiveness.","first_seen_at":"2026-09-25T01:20:20.087268+00:00","last_seen_at":"2026-09-25T06:10:07.378+00:00","metadata":{"sex":"ALL","acronym":"ASA-AI","age_range":"18 Years","comparator":null,"organization":"Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital","interventions":["Observational Assessment Only"],"registry_source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","outcome_measures":["Interrater Agreement in ASA Physical Status Classification Between Anesthesiologists and Large Language Models — At the…","Effect of Frailty Information on ASA Physical Status Classification — At the time of preoperative evaluation, prior to…","Agreement Between Large Language Models in ASA Physical Status Classification — At the time of preoperative evaluation,…","Agreement Among Anesthesiologists in ASA Physical Status Classification — At the time of preoperative evaluation, prior…"],"design_description":null,"source_has_results":false},"controlled_terms":["Perioperative Risk Assessment","Observational Assessment Only"],"relevance_confidence":100,"source_quality_score":100,"freshness_score":100,"publication_state":"published","match_explanation":"Title contains controlled term: frailty.","quality_checked_at":"2026-09-25T06:10:20.034853+00:00","duplicate_cluster_key":"id:nct07399938","duplicate_of_id":null,"evidence_snapshot":{"status":"structured","version":1,"duration":"2026-02-25 to 2026-04-01","comparator":null,"confidence":"structured-source","population":"ALL · 18 Years","provenance":{"duration":"start_date and completion_date","comparator":"registry arm fields","population":"registry eligibility fields","intervention":"registry intervention fields","participants":"enrollment","study_design":"study_type and registry design fields","evidence_stage":"phases","reported_outcome":"not available","outcomes_measured":"registry outcome-measure fields"},"generated_at":"2026-09-25T06:10:07.442Z","intervention":["Observational Assessment Only"],"participants":200,"study_design":"OBSERVATIONAL","subject_scope":"Human clinical study registration","evidence_stage":"Phase not reported","safety_context":"Eligibility, adverse-event details, and clinical decisions must be checked in the official registry and with qualified clinicians.","source_support":"Structured registry protocol metadata; no finding-level conclusion is generated.","main_limitation":"This is a study registration. No reusable structured result is available here, so it cannot show whether the intervention worked or was safe.","reported_outcome":null,"outcomes_measured":["Interrater Agreement in ASA Physical Status Classification Between Anesthesiologists and Large Language Models — At the…","Effect of Frailty Information on ASA Physical Status Classification — At the time of preoperative evaluation, prior to…","Agreement Between Large Language Models in ASA Physical Status Classification — At the time of preoperative evaluation,…","Agreement Among Anesthesiologists in ASA Physical Status Classification — At the time of preoperative evaluation, prior…"],"regulatory_context":"Trial registration is not regulatory approval and does not establish that an intervention is available."},"clinical_trial_topics":[{"topic_slug":"frailty","is_published":true,"match_reasons":["Title contains controlled term: frailty.","Abstract contains controlled term: frailty, frailty index.","Title supplies longevity context: frailty, frail.","Study type is explicitly identified as OBSERVATIONAL."],"matched_fields":["title","abstract","title context","study type"],"relevance_score":100,"intelligence_topics":{"name":"Frailty","slug":"frailty"}}],"content_sources":{"name":"ClinicalTrials.gov","homepage_url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/"}},"canonical_url":"https://www.immortal.life/trials/34890","automation_disclosure":"Generated automatically from cited source metadata. No scientist, clinician, researcher, editor, or human reviewer evaluates this publication before release."}